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Rosalyn Sussman Yalow earned her Master’s in Physics in 1942 and Ph.D. in 1945 from UIUC. As one of the few women in science at the time, she was the only female teaching assistant among 400 faculty members in 1941. In 1977, she co-won the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for developing radioimmunoassay, becoming the first American-born woman and the second woman overall to win a Nobel Prize in Medicine.